What is LDO?
LDO is the abbreviation of Low Dropout, and it is a linear regulator that can operate even with a low potential difference between input and output.
Sometimes called a low-loss linear regulator or a low-saturation linear regulator.
There is no numerical definition of the potential difference between the input and output of the LDO. Generally, it refers to a regulator whose lowest potential difference can be controlled below 1V when the regulator is working stably.
For example, for an IC that requires a 3.3V power supply, since the standard type cannot produce a 5V to 3.3V power supply, an LDO with a lower potential difference between input and output is required.
In this way, when the LDO outputs the same voltage as the standard regulator, a lower input voltage can also be set.
By working with low potential difference, energy loss can be reduced, and heat dissipation can be suppressed.
Pressure drop
Inside the linear regulator, a transistor is added from VIN to VO. The lowest potential difference between the input and output required for this transistor to work stably is called the voltage drop.
When the voltage difference between input and output is lower than the voltage drop, it is difficult for the transistor to maintain stable operation, and the output voltage will drop.
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